Tree · Fagaceae
Canyon live oak
Quercus chrysolepis
Canyon live oak is recorded as native to 5 states and territories in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in 65 counties of those states by USDA PLANTS.
Key facts · USDA PLANTS
Canyon live oak at a glance
- Native in
- 65 counties, across 5 states and territories
- Estimated cold hardiness
- Zone 8b PLANTS minimum temperature 11°F
- Mature height
- 90 ft PLANTS mature height
- Light and water
- Tolerates shade Medium water use
Estimated cold hardiness: zone 8b. PLANTS gives a minimum temperature of 11°F; zone 8b winters bottom out at 15°F, the coldest half-zone that stays within that limit.
Canyon live oak is recorded as native to 5 states and territories in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in 65 counties of those states by USDA PLANTS.
Counties where it is native
The 15 counties with the most ZIP codes among the 65 where it is listed.
Native counties by state
- Arizona 8 counties
- California 48 counties
- Nevada 2 counties
- New Mexico 1 county
- Oregon 6 counties
Growing traits
Values from the PLANTS characteristics record. “Not recorded” means PLANTS has no value; nothing here is estimated except the zone.
Growth
- Growth habit
- Shrub, Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Mature height
- 90 ft
- Growth rate
- Slow
- Growth form
- Single Stem
- Shape
- Erect
- Lifespan
- Long
- Active growth period
- Spring, Summer, Fall
Light and water
- Shade tolerance
- Tolerant (tolerates shade)
- Moisture use
- Medium water use
- Drought tolerance
- High
- Tolerance of waterlogged soil
- None
- Precipitation range
- 6 to 110 in per year
Soil
- Soil textures
- Coarse, medium and fine
- pH range
- 4.5 to 7.5
- Lime (CaCO₃) tolerance
- None
- Salinity tolerance
- None
- Fertility requirement
- Low
- Minimum root depth
- 42 in
Climate
- Minimum temperature
- 11°F
- Estimated cold hardiness
- Zone 8b and warmer
- Minimum frost-free days
- 160
- Fire tolerance
- Medium
Flowers, leaves and fruit
- Flower color
- Yellow
- Showy flowers
- No
- Bloom period
- Late Spring
- Foliage color
- Green
- Showy in fall
- Yes
- Keeps leaves
- Yes
- Fruit color
- Brown
Other
- Toxicity
- None
- Nitrogen fixation
- None
- Nursery availability
- Routinely Available
- Family
- Fagaceae
- PLANTS symbol
- QUCH2
Source & data date
- Source
- USDA NRCS PLANTS Database: county distribution records, native status and plant characteristics. CC0 (public domain dedication, per the data.gov catalog record).
- Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP): native or introduced status by state. CC BY 3.0.
- USGS US-RIIS (ver. 2.0): species listed as introduced are excluded. CC0.
- Citation
- USDA, NRCS. 2026. The PLANTS Database (https://plants.usda.gov, 11/04/2026). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA.
- Govaerts R. (ed.) (2026). WCVP: World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Data file dated 2026-06-04, http://sftp.kew.org/pub/data-repositories/WCVP/ (retrieved 2026-11-04). Paper: Govaerts R. et al. (2021) The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. Scientific Data 8, 215.
- Data date
- Retrieved from PLANTS on November 4, 2026; WCVP data file dated June 4, 2026.
- Scope
- Quercus chrysolepis (PLANTS symbol QUCH2).
- Method
- A species is listed when it is recorded as native to the state in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in the county by USDA PLANTS. Species PLANTS labels both native and introduced are listed separately. Full method · All sources