Wildflower (forb) · Nelumbonaceae
American lotus
Nelumbo lutea
American lotus is recorded as native to 30 states and territories in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in 413 counties of those states by USDA PLANTS.
Key facts · USDA PLANTS
American lotus at a glance
- Native in
- 413 counties, across 30 states and territories
- Estimated cold hardiness
- Zone 3b PLANTS minimum temperature −36°F
- Mature height
- 3 ft PLANTS mature height
- Light and water
- Full sun (shade-intolerant) High water use
Estimated cold hardiness: zone 3b. PLANTS gives a minimum temperature of −36°F; zone 3b winters bottom out at −35°F, the coldest half-zone that stays within that limit.
American lotus is recorded as native to 30 states and territories in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in 413 counties of those states by USDA PLANTS.
Counties where it is native
The 15 counties with the most ZIP codes among the 413 where it is listed.
Native counties by state
- Alabama 17 counties
- Arkansas 29 counties
- Connecticut statewide record
- Delaware 1 county
- Florida 18 counties
- Georgia 6 counties
- Illinois 57 counties
- Indiana 11 counties
- Iowa 7 counties
- Kansas 23 counties
- Kentucky 11 counties
- Louisiana 31 counties
- Maryland 5 counties
- Massachusetts 5 counties
- Michigan 3 counties
- Minnesota 8 counties
- Mississippi 4 counties
- Missouri 55 counties
- Nebraska 3 counties
- New Jersey 6 counties
- New York 4 counties
- North Carolina 10 counties
- Ohio 14 counties
- Oklahoma 12 counties
- Pennsylvania 4 counties
- South Carolina 2 counties
- Tennessee 15 counties
- Texas 24 counties
- Virginia 17 counties
- Wisconsin 11 counties
Growing traits
Values from the PLANTS characteristics record. “Not recorded” means PLANTS has no value; nothing here is estimated except the zone.
Growth
- Growth habit
- Forb/herb
- Duration
- Perennial
- Mature height
- 3 ft
- Growth rate
- Moderate
- Growth form
- Rhizomatous
- Shape
- Erect
- Lifespan
- Long
- Active growth period
- Summer
Light and water
- Shade tolerance
- Intolerant (full sun (shade-intolerant))
- Moisture use
- High water use
- Drought tolerance
- None
- Tolerance of waterlogged soil
- High
- Precipitation range
- Not recorded
Soil
- Soil textures
- Coarse, medium and fine
- pH range
- 4.6 to 8.7
- Lime (CaCO₃) tolerance
- Medium
- Salinity tolerance
- None
- Fertility requirement
- Medium
- Minimum root depth
- 12 in
Climate
- Minimum temperature
- −36°F
- Estimated cold hardiness
- Zone 3b and warmer
- Minimum frost-free days
- 130
- Fire tolerance
- None
Flowers, leaves and fruit
- Flower color
- Yellow
- Showy flowers
- Yes
- Bloom period
- Mid Summer
- Foliage color
- Green
- Showy in fall
- No
- Keeps leaves
- No
- Fruit color
- Brown
Other
- Toxicity
- None
- Nitrogen fixation
- None
- Nursery availability
- Routinely Available
- Family
- Nelumbonaceae
- PLANTS symbol
- NELU
Source & data date
- Source
- USDA NRCS PLANTS Database: county distribution records, native status and plant characteristics. CC0 (public domain dedication, per the data.gov catalog record).
- Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP): native or introduced status by state. CC BY 3.0.
- USGS US-RIIS (ver. 2.0): species listed as introduced are excluded. CC0.
- Citation
- USDA, NRCS. 2026. The PLANTS Database (https://plants.usda.gov, 11/04/2026). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA.
- Govaerts R. (ed.) (2026). WCVP: World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Data file dated 2026-06-04, http://sftp.kew.org/pub/data-repositories/WCVP/ (retrieved 2026-11-04). Paper: Govaerts R. et al. (2021) The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. Scientific Data 8, 215.
- Data date
- Retrieved from PLANTS on November 4, 2026; WCVP data file dated June 4, 2026.
- Scope
- Nelumbo lutea (PLANTS symbol NELU).
- Method
- A species is listed when it is recorded as native to the state in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in the county by USDA PLANTS. Species PLANTS labels both native and introduced are listed separately. Full method · All sources