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Native plants · Texas

Native plants of Brown County

237 plant species are recorded as native to Texas in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in Brown County by USDA PLANTS. 88 of them have growing records you can filter by light, moisture, height and estimated cold hardiness. 3 more species are listed as both native and introduced and kept in a separate section.

County summary · USDA PLANTS and Kew WCVP

Brown County, Texas

Native species
237 Typical Texas county: 145 (median of 254 counties)
Garden-ready natives
88 Typical Texas county: 61
Share by type (all 237 native species)
Percent of the 237 native species in each growth type
Tree 7% (17)
Shrub 3% (7)
Wildflower (forb) 60% (142)
Grass or grass-like 24% (57)
Vine 3% (8)
Fern 3% (6)

Wildflowers make up the largest share of the native list (60%), followed by grasses and grass-like plants (24%).

Recorded native ranges can include long-established populations that spread from gardens; check your state’s native plant society list for local guidance. How native status is decided.

ZIP codes mainly in this county fall in USDA hardiness zones 8a to 8b (2023 map).

The native plant list

Cold hardiness is estimated from each plant’s PLANTS minimum temperature. How we estimate it.

Garden-ready natives 88

Native species with PLANTS growing records (height, light, moisture, minimum temperature). “—” means PLANTS has no value.

Garden-ready native plants of Brown County, Texas
PlantType HeightLight Water useHardy to
American elm Ulmus americana Tree 120 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 2b
Arizona cottontop Digitaria californica Grass or grass-like 4 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
Atlantic camas Camassia scilloides Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 4b
big bluestem Andropogon gerardii Grass or grass-like 6 ft Sun Low Zone 2b
black willow Salix nigra Tree 100 ft Sun High Zone 1b
blackjack oak Quercus marilandica Tree 25 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
broom snakeweed Gutierrezia sarothrae Shrub 1.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
buffalograss Bouteloua dactyloides Grass or grass-like 6 in Sun Medium Zone 3b
butterfly milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
California bulrush Schoenoplectus californicus Grass or grass-like 6.6 ft Sun High Zone 9a
Canada wildrye Elymus canadensis Grass or grass-like 3 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 3a
Canadian horseweed Conyza canadensis Wildflower (forb) 5 ft Sun Medium Zone 12b
cane bluestem Bothriochloa barbinodis Grass or grass-like 4 ft Sun Medium Zone 7b
Carolina buckthorn Frangula caroliniana Tree 20 ft Shade-tolerant — Zone 4b
cedar elm Ulmus crassifolia Tree 90 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 6a
cockspur hawthorn Crataegus crus-galli Tree 30 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
common buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis Tree 15 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 4a
common duckweed Lemna minor Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 3b
common maidenhair Adiantum capillus-veneris Fern 1.7 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 4a
common persimmon Diospyros virginiana Tree 55 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 5a
composite dropseed Sporobolus compositus Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
coon's tail Ceratophyllum demersum Wildflower (forb) — Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
curly-mesquite Hilaria belangeri Grass or grass-like 10 in Sun Low Zone 8b
cylinder jointtail grass Coelorachis cylindrica Grass or grass-like 3.2 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 5a
delta arrowhead Sagittaria platyphylla Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun High Zone 6a
dotted blazing star Liatris punctata Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides Tree 190 ft Sun High Zone 3a
eastern redbud Cercis canadensis Tree 30 ft Shade-tolerant Low Zone 4b
fall panicgrass Panicum dichotomiflorum Grass or grass-like 3.3 ft Sun High Zone 3a
false daisy Eclipta prostrata Wildflower (forb) 3.2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 10b
false indigo bush Amorpha fruticosa Shrub 15 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
flatstem spikerush Eleocharis compressa Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun High Zone 4a
fourwing saltbush Atriplex canescens Shrub 4 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
fragrant flatsedge Cyperus odoratus Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 11b
giant goldenrod Solidago gigantea Wildflower (forb) 8.2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 4a
golden crownbeard Verbesina encelioides Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 5a
golden tickseed Coreopsis tinctoria Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 12b
gray goldenrod Solidago nemoralis Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 4a
graybark grape Vitis cinerea Vine 50 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 6b
green hawthorn Crataegus viridis Tree 30 ft Sun High Zone 5a
hairy grama Bouteloua hirsuta Grass or grass-like 6 in Sun Low Zone 3b
honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Tree 50 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
Illinois bundleflower Desmanthus illinoensis Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 5b
Indian blanket Gaillardia pulchella Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 10b
Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans Grass or grass-like 6 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
inland rush Juncus interior Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3b
late purple aster Symphyotrichum patens Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 3b
little barley Hordeum pusillum Grass or grass-like 1.2 ft Sun Medium Zone 10b
little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
longleaf pondweed Potamogeton nodosus Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 3b
longspike tridens Tridens strictus Grass or grass-like 4.9 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 2a
longtom Paspalum denticulatum Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 8b
lyreleaf greeneyes Berlandiera lyrata Wildflower (forb) 4 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
Missouri gourd Cucurbita foetidissima Vine 1 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
needleleaf rosette grass Dichanthelium aciculare Grass or grass-like 1.6 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 7b
Nuttall's povertyweed Monolepis nuttalliana Wildflower (forb) 10 in Sun Medium Zone 12a
Pennsylvania smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Wildflower (forb) 3.9 ft Sun Medium Zone 10b
plains lovegrass Eragrostis intermedia Grass or grass-like 2.7 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
post oak Quercus stellata Tree 60 ft Sun Medium Zone 4a
prairie fleabane Erigeron strigosus Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 4b
prairie wedgescale Sphenopholis obtusata Grass or grass-like 3.2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3a
purple poppymallow Callirhoe involucrata Wildflower (forb) 1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
purple threeawn Aristida purpurea Grass or grass-like 1.4 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
purpletop tridens Tridens flavus Grass or grass-like 2.5 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
roughfruit amaranth Amaranthus tuberculatus Wildflower (forb) 6.6 ft Sun High Zone 4a
roughleaf dogwood Cornus drummondii Tree 20 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 4b
salt heliotrope Heliotropium curassavicum Wildflower (forb) 1.2 ft Sun Medium Zone 4b
saltgrass Distichlis spicata Grass or grass-like 1.1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
skunkbush sumac Rhus trilobata Shrub 4 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 2a
soapweed yucca Yucca glauca Shrub 1 ft Sun Low Zone 4b
southern waternymph Najas guadalupensis Wildflower (forb) 1 ft Sun High Zone 3b
stalkless yellowcress Rorippa sessiliflora Wildflower (forb) 1.5 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 12b
strawcolored flatsedge Cyperus strigosus Grass or grass-like 3.2 ft Sun Medium Zone 4a
sugarberry Celtis laevigata Tree 80 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 5a
sweetscent Pluchea odorata Wildflower (forb) 4.9 ft Sun Medium Zone 6a
tapertip flatsedge Cyperus acuminatus Grass or grass-like 1.3 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
Torrey's rush Juncus torreyi Grass or grass-like 3.1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
trumpet creeper Campsis radicans Vine 2 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
upright prairie coneflower Ratibida columnifera Wildflower (forb) 3.1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
valley redstem Ammannia coccinea Wildflower (forb) 1.6 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
vine mesquite Panicum obtusum Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 5a
Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia Vine 1 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 4b
Virginia wildrye Elymus virginicus Grass or grass-like 2.5 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 4b
western wheatgrass Pascopyrum smithii Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
white panicle aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum Wildflower (forb) 6 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
woolly plantain Plantago patagonica Wildflower (forb) 6 in Sun Low Zone 12b

Other native species recorded here 149

PLANTS has no growing records for these, so light, moisture, height and zone filters cannot include them. Many are wild species seldom sold by nurseries.

  • Alabama lipfern Cheilanthes alabamensis
  • American star-thistle Centaurea americana
  • American wild carrot Daucus pusillus
  • annual buckwheat Eriogonum annuum
  • annual marsh elder Iva annua
  • annual phlox Phlox drummondii
  • aromatic aster Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
  • Baldwin's ironweed Vernonia baldwinii
  • beaked cornsalad Valerianella radiata
  • bighead pygmycudweed Evax prolifera
  • blackstem spleenwort Asplenium resiliens
  • bluejacket Tradescantia ohiensis
  • Brazilian watermeal Wolffia brasiliensis
  • bristly scaleseed Spermolepis echinata
  • buffalobur nightshade Solanum rostratum
  • camphorweed Heterotheca subaxillaris
  • carelessweed Amaranthus palmeri
  • Carolina coralbead Cocculus carolinus
  • Carolina draba Draba reptans
  • Carolina geranium Geranium carolinianum
  • Carolina larkspur Delphinium carolinianum
  • Carolina woollywhite Hymenopappus scabiosaeus
  • chickenthief Mentzelia oligosperma
  • coastal sandbur Cenchrus spinifex
  • Columbian watermeal Wolffia columbiana
  • cottonbatting plant Pseudognaphalium stramineum
  • creeping burhead Echinodorus cordifolius
  • crowpoison Nothoscordum bivalve
  • Cuman ragweed Ambrosia psilostachya
  • curlycup gumweed Grindelia squarrosa
  • curlytop knotweed Polygonum lapathifolium
  • curvepod fumewort Corydalis curvisiliqua
  • Dakota mock vervain Glandularia bipinnatifida
  • diamond-flowers Stenaria nigricans
  • Drummond's false pennyroyal Hedeoma drummondii
  • early wildrye Elymus macgregorii
  • Emory's sedge Carex emoryi
  • Engelmann's daisy Engelmannia peristenia
  • erect spiderling Boerhavia erecta
  • eyebane Chamaesyce nutans
  • feather fingergrass Chloris virgata
  • flatspine stickseed Lappula occidentalis
  • fourpoint evening primrose Oenothera rhombipetala
  • foxtail prairie clover Dalea leporina
  • great ragweed Ambrosia trifida
  • green carpetweed Mollugo verticillata
  • gum bully Sideroxylon lanuginosum
  • hairy fimbry Fimbristylis puberula
  • hairy pinweed Lechea mucronata
  • hairyfruit chervil Chaerophyllum tainturieri
  • Heller's rosette grass Dichanthelium oligosanthes
  • honeyvine Cynanchum laeve
  • hyssopleaf sandmat Chamaesyce hyssopifolia
  • juniper leaf Polypremum procumbens
  • lanceleaf fogfruit Phyla lanceolata
  • lateflowering thoroughwort Eupatorium serotinum
  • lemon beebalm Monarda citriodora
  • lesser duckweed Lemna aequinoctialis
  • limestone adderstongue Ophioglossum engelmannii
  • Louisiana vetch Vicia ludoviciana
  • matted sandmat Chamaesyce serpens
  • Maximilian sunflower Helianthus maximiliani
  • meadow garlic Allium canadense
  • mucronate sprangletop Leptochloa panicea
  • Muhlenberg's sedge Carex muehlenbergii
  • narrowleaf four o'clock Mirabilis linearis
  • narrowleaf paleseed Leucospora multifida
  • narrowleaf purple coneflower Echinacea angustifolia
  • narrowleaf stoneseed Lithospermum incisum
  • nits and lice Hypericum drummondii
  • Nuttall's prairie parsley Polytaenia nuttallii
  • Nuttall's sensitive-briar Mimosa nuttallii
  • pale spikerush Eleocharis macrostachya
  • Pennsylvania pellitory Parietaria pensylvanica
  • pineland threeseed mercury Acalypha ostryifolia
  • pinkladies Oenothera speciosa
  • pitseed goosefoot Chenopodium berlandieri
  • pleatleaf knotweed Polygonum tenue
  • poverty dropseed Sporobolus vaginiflorus
  • prairie broomweed Amphiachyris dracunculoides
  • prairie cupgrass Eriochloa contracta
  • prairie groundsel Packera plattensis
  • prairie spiderwort Tradescantia occidentalis
  • prairie tea Croton monanthogynus
  • prairie threeawn Aristida oligantha
  • prostrate sandmat Chamaesyce prostrata
  • purple cliffbrake Pellaea atropurpurea
  • ram's horn Proboscidea louisianica
  • red lovegrass Eragrostis secundiflora
  • Red River scaleseed Spermolepis inermis
  • redseed plantain Plantago rhodosperma
  • redwhisker clammyweed Polanisia dodecandra
  • ribseed sandmat Chamaesyce glyptosperma
  • rock muhly Muhlenbergia sobolifera
  • rough dropseed Sporobolus clandestinus
  • rusty blackhaw Viburnum rufidulum
  • salt sandspurry Spergularia salina
  • sand spikerush Eleocharis montevidensis
  • scarlet beeblossom Oenothera suffrutescens
  • sessileleaf ticktrefoil Desmodium sessilifolium
  • shortstalk chickweed Cerastium brachypodum
  • silverleaf nightshade Solanum elaeagnifolium
  • sixweeks fescue Vulpia octoflora
  • slim amaranth Amaranthus hybridus
  • slimflower scurfpea Psoralidium tenuiflorum
  • small Venus' looking-glass Triodanis biflora
  • sneezeweed Helenium amarum
  • snow on the mountain Euphorbia marginata
  • sorrelvine Cissus trifoliata
  • southern annual saltmarsh aster Symphyotrichum divaricatum
  • southern cattail Typha domingensis
  • southern sedge Carex austrina
  • Spanish gold Grindelia papposa
  • spiked crested coralroot Hexalectris spicata
  • spinystar Escobaria vivipara
  • spotted beebalm Monarda punctata
  • spotted sandmat Chamaesyce maculata
  • standing-cypress Ipomopsis rubra
  • Standley's goosefoot Chenopodium standleyanum
  • stemless evening primrose Oenothera triloba
  • stemless Townsend daisy Townsendia exscapa
  • stretchberry Forestiera pubescens
  • sunbright Phemeranthus parviflorus
  • Texas bergia Bergia texana
  • Texas bluegrass Poa arachnifera
  • Texas croton Croton texensis
  • Texas vervain Verbena halei
  • thin paspalum Paspalum setaceum
  • toothed spurge Euphorbia dentata
  • trailing pearlwort Sagina decumbens
  • tufted lovegrass Eragrostis pectinacea
  • tumble windmill grass Chloris verticillata
  • tumblegrass Schedonnardus paniculatus
  • upright burhead Echinodorus berteroi
  • velvetweed Oenothera curtiflora
  • Virginia pepperweed Lepidium virginicum
  • warty spurge Euphorbia spathulata
  • wavyleaf thistle Cirsium undulatum
  • wedgeleaf draba Draba cuneifolia
  • western rough goldenrod Solidago radula
  • western tansymustard Descurainia pinnata
  • white crownbeard Verbesina virginica
  • white four o'clock Mirabilis albida
  • white heath aster Symphyotrichum ericoides
  • whitemouth dayflower Commelina erecta
  • willowleaf aster Symphyotrichum praealtum
  • witchgrass Panicum capillare
  • woolly lipfern Cheilanthes tomentosa
  • Wright's plantain Plantago wrightiana
Also listed as native and introduced here 3

PLANTS labels these species both native and introduced in this state: some forms are native and others were brought in from elsewhere. Most gardeners should choose plants from the main list.

  • common pepperweedLepidium densiflorum
  • tapertip cupgrassEriochloa acuminata
  • white sagebrushArtemisia ludoviciana

Compared with Texas

The typical county is the median of the 254 Texas counties with PLANTS county records; the statewide figure counts every species native anywhere in the state. More species is not better or worse: counties differ in size, habitat and how thoroughly they have been surveyed.

Native species counts, Brown County and Texas
MeasureBrown CountyTypical countyStatewide
Native species 237 145 1,683
Garden-ready natives 88 61 656
Tree 17 — 164
Shrub 7 — 90
Wildflower (forb) 142 — 877
Grass or grass-like 57 — 431
Vine 8 — 83
Fern 6 — 38

Neighboring counties

Counties that share a ZIP code with Brown County.

Look up another ZIP

Matches your ZIP to the county it mostly lies in, then lists the plants recorded as native to your state (Kew’s World Checklist and USDA PLANTS) and recorded in that county by USDA PLANTS.

Source & data date

Source
USDA NRCS PLANTS Database: county distribution records, native status and plant characteristics. CC0 (public domain dedication, per the data.gov catalog record).
Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP): native or introduced status by state. CC BY 3.0.
USGS US-RIIS (ver. 2.0): species listed as introduced are excluded. CC0.
Citation
USDA, NRCS. 2026. The PLANTS Database (https://plants.usda.gov, 11/04/2026). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA.
Govaerts R. (ed.) (2026). WCVP: World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Data file dated 2026-06-04, http://sftp.kew.org/pub/data-repositories/WCVP/ (retrieved 2026-11-04). Paper: Govaerts R. et al. (2021) The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. Scientific Data 8, 215.
Data date
Retrieved from PLANTS on November 4, 2026; WCVP data file dated June 4, 2026.
Zones
USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023) ZIP table: PRISM Group, Oregon State University, https://prism.oregonstate.edu, accessed November 3, 2026. Plant zones on this site are our estimate, not the official map.
Scope
Brown County (county FIPS 48049), Texas. 237 native species from PLANTS county distribution records; garden-ready = species with a PLANTS characteristics record.
Method
A species is listed when it is recorded as native to the state in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in the county by USDA PLANTS. Species PLANTS labels both native and introduced are listed separately. Full method · All sources

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