Native plants · New Mexico

Native plants of Sierra County

252 plant species are recorded as native to New Mexico in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in Sierra County by USDA PLANTS. 160 of them have growing records you can filter by light, moisture, height and estimated cold hardiness. 1 more species is listed as both native and introduced and kept in a separate section.

County summary · USDA PLANTS and Kew WCVP

Sierra County, New Mexico

Native species
252 Typical New Mexico county: 258 (median of 33 counties)
Garden-ready natives
160 Typical New Mexico county: 160
Share by type (all 252 native species)
Percent of the 252 native species in each growth type
Tree 15% (37)
Shrub 12% (31)
Wildflower (forb) 43% (108)
Grass or grass-like 28% (71)
Vine 1% (3)
Fern <1% (2)

Wildflowers make up the largest share of the native list (43%), followed by grasses and grass-like plants (28%).

Recorded native ranges can include long-established populations that spread from gardens; check your state’s native plant society list for local guidance. How native status is decided.

ZIP codes mainly in this county fall in USDA hardiness zones 7a to 8a (2023 map).

The native plant list

Cold hardiness is estimated from each plant’s PLANTS minimum temperature. How we estimate it.

Garden-ready natives 160

Native species with PLANTS growing records (height, light, moisture, minimum temperature). “—” means PLANTS has no value.

Garden-ready native plants of Sierra County, New Mexico
PlantType HeightLight Water useHardy to
alderleaf mountain mahogany Cercocarpus montanus Tree 15 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 3a
alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
American plum Prunus americana Tree 24 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
American tarwort Flourensia cernua Shrub 3 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
American vetch Vicia americana Vine 1.3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
Apache plume Fallugia paradoxa Shrub 6 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
Arizona cottontop Digitaria californica Grass or grass-like 4 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
Arizona sycamore Platanus wrightii Tree 80 ft Sun Low Zone 6b
Arizona threeawn Aristida arizonica Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Low Zone 7a
Arizona walnut Juglans major Tree 50 ft Sun Medium Zone 4a
bastardsage Eriogonum wrightii Shrub 2 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 6a
beaked spikerush Eleocharis rostellata Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun High Zone 4b
beechleaf frangula Frangula betulifolia Tree 7 ft Shade-tolerant — Zone 5b
big sacaton Sporobolus wrightii Grass or grass-like 5.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 6a
bigtooth maple Acer grandidentatum Tree 38 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 4a
bitter cherry Prunus emarginata Tree 80 ft Sun Medium Zone 5a
black grama Bouteloua eriopoda Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
blue grama Bouteloua gracilis Grass or grass-like 1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
bluebunch wheatgrass Pseudoroegneria spicata Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
bluntseed sweetroot Osmorhiza depauperata Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 4a
bog willowherb Epilobium leptophyllum Wildflower (forb) 3.6 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 4a
boxelder Acer negundo Tree 60 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 2b
broom snakeweed Gutierrezia sarothrae Shrub 1.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
California buckthorn Frangula californica Tree 5 ft Sun Medium Zone 8a
Canada wildrye Elymus canadensis Grass or grass-like 3 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 3a
Canadian horseweed Conyza canadensis Wildflower (forb) 5 ft Sun Medium Zone 12b
cane bluestem Bothriochloa barbinodis Grass or grass-like 4 ft Sun Medium Zone 7b
cardinalflower Lobelia cardinalis Wildflower (forb) 5.9 ft Shade-tolerant Low Zone 4a
Carolina foxtail Alopecurus carolinianus Grass or grass-like 1.7 ft Sun Low Zone 3a
catclaw acacia Senegalia greggii Tree 20 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
chokecherry Prunus virginiana Tree 25 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
cliff fendlerbush Fendlera rupicola Shrub 6 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
clustered field sedge Carex praegracilis Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3b
Colorado four o'clock Mirabilis multiflora Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Low Zone 5b
common hoptree Ptelea trifoliata Tree 25 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 4a
common maidenhair Adiantum capillus-veneris Fern 1.7 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 4a
common sotol Dasylirion wheeleri Shrub 15 ft Sun Low Zone 10a
composite dropseed Sporobolus compositus Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
cows clover Trifolium wormskioldii Wildflower (forb) 3.5 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 4b
creosote bush Larrea tridentata Shrub 10 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
curly-mesquite Hilaria belangeri Grass or grass-like 10 in Sun Low Zone 8b
deergrass Muhlenbergia rigens Grass or grass-like 4.5 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 9b
desert ceanothus Ceanothus greggii Shrub 7 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
desert willow Chilopsis linearis Tree 25 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 5a
desertbroom Baccharis sarothroides Shrub 12 ft Sun Low Zone 10a
dewystem willow Salix irrorata Shrub 6 ft — — Zone 2a
downy paintedcup Castilleja sessiliflora Wildflower (forb) 1.3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides Tree 190 ft Sun High Zone 3a
false daisy Eclipta prostrata Wildflower (forb) 3.2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 10b
false indigo bush Amorpha fruticosa Shrub 15 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
featherplume Dalea formosa Shrub 3 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
fivepetal cliffbush Jamesia americana Shrub 6 ft Sun Medium Zone 5a
fourwing saltbush Atriplex canescens Shrub 4 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
fringed brome Bromus ciliatus Grass or grass-like 4 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 7a
Gambel oak Quercus gambelii Tree 40 ft Sun Low Zone 3a
golden crownbeard Verbesina encelioides Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 5a
Goodding's willow Salix gooddingii Tree 40 ft Sun High Zone 5a
gooseberryleaf globemallow Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 5a
green sprangletop Leptochloa dubia Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 6a
hairy grama Bouteloua hirsuta Grass or grass-like 6 in Sun Low Zone 3b
honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Tree 50 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
Hooker's evening primrose Oenothera elata Wildflower (forb) 5 ft Sun High Zone 5a
Illinois bundleflower Desmanthus illinoensis Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 5b
Indian blanket Gaillardia pulchella Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 10b
Indian ricegrass Achnatherum hymenoides Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Low Zone 3a
Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans Grass or grass-like 6 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
Indianhemp Apocynum cannabinum Wildflower (forb) 3.3 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3a
James' galleta Pleuraphis jamesii Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
kinnikinnick Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Shrub 6 in Sun–part shade Low Zone 4a
knotgrass Paspalum distichum Grass or grass-like 11 in Sun High Zone 6a
leafy pondweed Potamogeton foliosus Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 3b
lemonscent Pectis angustifolia Wildflower (forb) 8 in Sun Low Zone 5a
Lewis flax Linum lewisii Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
littleleaf mock orange Philadelphus microphyllus Shrub 15 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
littleleaf sumac Rhus microphylla Tree 10 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
longleaf jointfir Ephedra trifurca Shrub 15 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
longleaf pondweed Potamogeton nodosus Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 3b
longstyle rush Juncus longistylis Grass or grass-like 1.8 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
lyreleaf greeneyes Berlandiera lyrata Wildflower (forb) 4 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
marsh muhly Muhlenbergia racemosa Grass or grass-like 3 ft Shade-tolerant Medium Zone 3b
Mexican orange Choisya dumosa Shrub 3 ft Sun Low Zone 9a
Missouri goldenrod Solidago missouriensis Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 3b
mountain muhly Muhlenbergia montana Grass or grass-like 1.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
mountain snowberry Symphoricarpos oreophilus Shrub 5 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 4a
mule-fat Baccharis salicifolia Shrub 10 ft Sun Medium Zone 7a
muttongrass Poa fendleriana Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
narrowleaf cottonwood Populus angustifolia Tree 60 ft Sun High Zone 4b
narrowleaf willow Salix exigua Tree 10 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
needle and thread Hesperostipa comata Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
New Mexico locust Robinia neomexicana Tree 25 ft Sun Medium Zone 5a
nodding beggartick Bidens cernua Wildflower (forb) 3.2 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 12a
nodding brome Bromus anomalus Grass or grass-like 2 ft Shade-tolerant Low Zone 4a
ocotillo Fouquieria splendens Shrub 10 ft Sun Low Zone 7a
oneseed juniper Juniperus monosperma Tree 40 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
pine dropseed Blepharoneuron tricholepis Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 5a
plains lovegrass Eragrostis intermedia Grass or grass-like 2.7 ft Sun Low Zone 5a
plains pricklypear Opuntia polyacantha Shrub 2 ft Sun Low Zone 4b
pointleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos pungens Shrub 12 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 9b
prairie Junegrass Koeleria macrantha Grass or grass-like 1.5 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 3b
prairie wedgescale Sphenopholis obtusata Grass or grass-like 3.2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3a
purple locoweed Oxytropis lambertii Wildflower (forb) 1.4 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
purple prairie clover Dalea purpurea Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
purple threeawn Aristida purpurea Grass or grass-like 1.4 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
red elderberry Sambucus racemosa Tree 18 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 4a
redosier dogwood Cornus sericea Tree 12 ft Sun High Zone 3b
Richardson's geranium Geranium richardsonii Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
Rocky Mountain juniper Juniperus scopulorum Tree 50 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
Rocky Mountain maple Acer glabrum Tree 30 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 3a
rough menodora Menodora scabra Wildflower (forb) 1 ft Sun Low Zone 9a
rubber rabbitbrush Ericameria nauseosa Shrub 4 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
sacahuista Nolina microcarpa Shrub 4 ft Sun Low Zone 8b
sago pondweed Stuckenia pectinata Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 3b
salt spring checkerbloom Sidalcea neomexicana Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 5a
saltgrass Distichlis spicata Grass or grass-like 1.1 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
sanddune wallflower Erysimum capitatum Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Sun Medium Zone 4b
scarlet gilia Ipomopsis aggregata Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Low Zone 5b
Scouler's willow Salix scouleriana Tree 50 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 6a
scratchgrass Muhlenbergia asperifolia Grass or grass-like 2 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 5b
screwbean mesquite Prosopis pubescens Tree 25 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 7a
seep monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus Wildflower (forb) 2.5 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 3b
shortawn foxtail Alopecurus aequalis Grass or grass-like 2.5 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
silverweed cinquefoil Argentina anserina Wildflower (forb) 6 in Shade-tolerant High Zone 5a
singlewhorl burrobrush Hymenoclea monogyra Shrub 2 ft — — Zone 10a
skunkbush sumac Rhus trilobata Shrub 4 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 2a
slender wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
smallwing sedge Carex microptera Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun High Zone 4a
smooth sumac Rhus glabra Tree 12 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
soaptree yucca Yucca elata Tree 20 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
spike bentgrass Agrostis exarata Grass or grass-like 3 ft Sun Medium Zone 3b
spike muhly Muhlenbergia wrightii Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 5b
squirreltail Elymus elymoides Grass or grass-like 1.5 ft Sun Low Zone 3a
sugarberry Celtis laevigata Tree 80 ft Shade-tolerant High Zone 5a
tailcup lupine Lupinus caudatus Wildflower (forb) 5 ft Sun Low Zone 4b
tanglehead Heteropogon contortus Grass or grass-like 8 in Sun Low Zone 8a
tanseyleaf tansyaster Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 4a
teal lovegrass Eragrostis hypnoides Grass or grass-like 4 in Sun High Zone 3b
thickspike wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus Grass or grass-like 2.3 ft Sun Low Zone 3b
thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus Shrub 4 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 4b
tobosagrass Pleuraphis mutica Grass or grass-like 2.3 ft Sun Low Zone 7b
twoheaded water-starwort Callitriche heterophylla Wildflower (forb) — Sun High Zone 4a
twoneedle pinyon Pinus edulis Tree 50 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
Utah serviceberry Amelanchier utahensis Tree 15 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 4b
velvet ash Fraxinus velutina Tree 40 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
vine mesquite Panicum obtusum Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 5a
western wheatgrass Pascopyrum smithii Grass or grass-like 2 ft Sun Medium Zone 3a
white fir Abies concolor Tree 120 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3b
white panicle aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum Wildflower (forb) 6 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 3b
white prairie clover Dalea candida Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3b
white sagebrush Artemisia ludoviciana Wildflower (forb) 3 ft Sun Low Zone 4a
whitethorn acacia Vachellia constricta Tree 9 ft Sun Low Zone 6a
wild bergamot Monarda fistulosa Wildflower (forb) 4.9 ft Sun–part shade High Zone 4a
Woods' rose Rosa woodsii Shrub 3 ft Sun–part shade Medium Zone 3a
woolly locoweed Astragalus mollissimus Wildflower (forb) 2 ft Sun Low Zone 4b
woolly plantain Plantago patagonica Wildflower (forb) 6 in Sun Low Zone 12b
Wright's deervetch Lotus wrightii Wildflower (forb) 1 ft Sun–part shade Low Zone 7a
Wright's silktassel Garrya wrightii Tree 6 ft Sun Low Zone 8b
yerba mansa Anemopsis californica Wildflower (forb) 1.5 ft Sun High Zone 9b

Other native species recorded here 92

PLANTS has no growing records for these, so light, moisture, height and zone filters cannot include them. Many are wild species seldom sold by nurseries.

  • annual muhly Muhlenbergia minutissima
  • bastard toadflax Comandra umbellata
  • blite goosefoot Chenopodium capitatum
  • bottlebrush sedge Carex hystericina
  • buffalobur nightshade Solanum rostratum
  • carelessweed Amaranthus palmeri
  • Carolina canarygrass Phalaris caroliniana
  • Carruth's sagewort Artemisia carruthii
  • catchfly prairie gentian Eustoma exaltatum
  • chaffweed Anagallis minima
  • coastal sandbur Cenchrus spinifex
  • cottonbatting plant Pseudognaphalium stramineum
  • crested anoda Anoda cristata
  • Cuman ragweed Ambrosia psilostachya
  • curlytop knotweed Polygonum lapathifolium
  • cutleaf evening primrose Oenothera laciniata
  • Dakota mock vervain Glandularia bipinnatifida
  • ditch rabbitsfoot grass Polypogon interruptus
  • Douglas' knotweed Polygonum douglasii
  • Drummond's campion Silene drummondii
  • Drummond's false pennyroyal Hedeoma drummondii
  • false buffalograss Munroa squarrosa
  • feather fingergrass Chloris virgata
  • feathery false lily of the valley Maianthemum racemosum
  • fetid marigold Dyssodia papposa
  • fineleaf hymenopappus Hymenopappus filifolius
  • flatspine bur ragweed Ambrosia acanthicarpa
  • flatspine stickseed Lappula occidentalis
  • foxtail barley Hordeum jubatum
  • foxtail prairie clover Dalea leporina
  • fringed willowherb Epilobium ciliatum
  • grassleaf lettuce Lactuca graminifolia
  • groundplum milkvetch Astragalus crassicarpus
  • James' cryptantha Cryptantha cinerea
  • kiss me quick Portulaca pilosa
  • lacy tansyaster Machaeranthera pinnatifida
  • lanceleaf sage Salvia reflexa
  • lemon beebalm Monarda citriodora
  • lesser rattlesnake plantain Goodyera repens
  • lesser spikemoss Selaginella densa
  • lesser wirelettuce Stephanomeria minor
  • longbract frog orchid Dactylorhiza viridis
  • Louisiana vetch Vicia ludoviciana
  • marsh bristlegrass Setaria parviflora
  • mat sandbur Cenchrus longispinus
  • Mexican lovegrass Eragrostis mexicana
  • Missouri violet Viola missouriensis
  • nodding chickweed Cerastium nutans
  • nodding onion Allium cernuum
  • Northern Idaho biscuitroot Lomatium orientale
  • pale spikerush Eleocharis macrostachya
  • pinesap Monotropa hypopitys
  • pleated gentian Gentiana affinis
  • Porter brome Bromus porteri
  • Powell's amaranth Amaranthus powellii
  • purple spikerush Eleocharis atropurpurea
  • redwhisker clammyweed Polanisia dodecandra
  • rough barnyardgrass Echinochloa muricata
  • sand sagebrush Artemisia filifolia
  • scarlet beeblossom Oenothera suffrutescens
  • scarlet spiderling Boerhavia coccinea
  • scrambled eggs Corydalis aurea
  • sixweeks threeawn Aristida adscensionis
  • slender phlox Microsteris gracilis
  • slimflower scurfpea Psoralidium tenuiflorum
  • small-leaf pussytoes Antennaria parvifolia
  • spike dropseed Sporobolus contractus
  • spinystar Escobaria vivipara
  • spiral ditchgrass Ruppia cirrhosa
  • spreading fleabane Erigeron divergens
  • spreading sandwort Arenaria lanuginosa
  • stream orchid Epipactis gigantea
  • summer coralroot Corallorhiza maculata
  • tapertip cupgrass Eriochloa acuminata
  • tarragon Artemisia dracunculus
  • tasselflower brickellbush Brickellia grandiflora
  • thin paspalum Paspalum setaceum
  • tobacco root Valeriana edulis
  • trailing fleabane Erigeron flagellaris
  • tufted lovegrass Eragrostis pectinacea
  • warty spurge Euphorbia spathulata
  • wedgeleaf draba Draba cuneifolia
  • western poison ivy Toxicodendron rydbergii
  • white four o'clock Mirabilis albida
  • white heath aster Symphyotrichum ericoides
  • white prairie aster Symphyotrichum falcatum
  • whitest evening primrose Oenothera albicaulis
  • witchgrass Panicum capillare
  • woodland pinedrops Pterospora andromedea
  • woolly tidestromia Tidestromia lanuginosa
  • Wright's cudweed Pseudognaphalium canescens
  • Wright's plantain Plantago wrightiana
Also listed as native and introduced here 1

PLANTS labels these species both native and introduced in this state: some forms are native and others were brought in from elsewhere. Most gardeners should choose plants from the main list.

Compared with New Mexico

The typical county is the median of the 33 New Mexico counties with PLANTS county records; the statewide figure counts every species native anywhere in the state. More species is not better or worse: counties differ in size, habitat and how thoroughly they have been surveyed.

Native species counts, Sierra County and New Mexico
MeasureSierra CountyTypical countyStatewide
Native species 252 258 1,103
Garden-ready natives 160 160 570
Tree 37 — 81
Shrub 31 — 95
Wildflower (forb) 108 — 602
Grass or grass-like 71 — 275
Vine 3 — 22
Fern 2 — 28

Neighboring counties

Counties that share a ZIP code with Sierra County.

Look up another ZIP

Matches your ZIP to the county it mostly lies in, then lists the plants recorded as native to your state (Kew’s World Checklist and USDA PLANTS) and recorded in that county by USDA PLANTS.

Source & data date

Source
USDA NRCS PLANTS Database: county distribution records, native status and plant characteristics. CC0 (public domain dedication, per the data.gov catalog record).
Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP): native or introduced status by state. CC BY 3.0.
USGS US-RIIS (ver. 2.0): species listed as introduced are excluded. CC0.
Citation
USDA, NRCS. 2026. The PLANTS Database (https://plants.usda.gov, 11/04/2026). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA.
Govaerts R. (ed.) (2026). WCVP: World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Data file dated 2026-06-04, http://sftp.kew.org/pub/data-repositories/WCVP/ (retrieved 2026-11-04). Paper: Govaerts R. et al. (2021) The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. Scientific Data 8, 215.
Data date
Retrieved from PLANTS on November 4, 2026; WCVP data file dated June 4, 2026.
Zones
USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023) ZIP table: PRISM Group, Oregon State University, https://prism.oregonstate.edu, accessed November 3, 2026. Plant zones on this site are our estimate, not the official map.
Scope
Sierra County (county FIPS 35051), New Mexico. 252 native species from PLANTS county distribution records; garden-ready = species with a PLANTS characteristics record.
Method
A species is listed when it is recorded as native to the state in Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants and USDA PLANTS, and recorded in the county by USDA PLANTS. Species PLANTS labels both native and introduced are listed separately. Full method · All sources

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